Dobby was the Domestic Elf of the Malfoy’s Family, which treated him particularly bad, in fact they always remembered him to punish himself. After becoming aware of the plot of his master to re-open the Chamber of Secret, he found the courage to warn Harry Potter, and tried to prevent him to return to Hogwarts.

On September 1st 1992, Dobby closed the 9 3/4 platform barrier, seeing that harry managed to reach Hogwarts anyway by the Ford Angila he bewitched the Bludger during Harry’s Quidditch Match.
In the Hospital Wing, while Harry’s bones arm were growing back, Dobby gave him other hints, about the plot that was going on. After that Harry defeated the memory in Riddle’s Diary in the Chamber Of Secret, understanding that the Diary was Lucious Malfoy’s, he hide a sock between the pages, so when Malfoy ordered Dobby to carry the diary, he found the sock becoming so a free elf.
After this Dobby became super aware of the importance of his freedom, probably the only domestic Elf in history, he started working in the kitchen of Hogwarts, for one Galleon a week. While working there Hermione founded the S.P.E.W. an organisation aimed to support Elf’s rights, she started knitting hats which she hide all over the castle hoping that the Elf working in the kitchen would catch them up and be set free, but instead Dobby started collected them all, not to give her displeasure, but also sure that the other elf didn’t want to be set free.

During the Triwizard Tournament, in the second task, Dobby kept asking Harry if he could do anything to help him, so Harry charged him with the task to find him a way to breath underwater for an hour; Barty Crouch Jr. disguised as Alastor Moody tricked Dobby into stealing the Gillyweed from Snape’s personal pantry. (Even if this scene in the film is completely different, in fact is Neville who gives the Gillyweed to Harry.)
During the fifth year, while busy with the Dumbledore’s Army lessons, Harry started thinking that Malfoy was up to something, but couldn’t really focus on him, so he found another way to keep an eye on him, he asked Dobby and ordered Kreacher, being his formal master, to watch Draco for him, Dobby was so pleased and excited about the task Harry had given him, that didn’t sleep on his job.

During his work in the kitchen of Hogwarts had the occasion of becoming friend with Aberforth Dumbledore, who was the one that sent Dobby to Malfoy’s Manor to save Harry: there Dobby, being a magical creature and so not precluded to any magical force, was able to apparate inside the bewitched cellar, saving Luna, Mr. Ollivander, Griphook and Dean Thomas (also not present in the films) taking them to Shell Cottage. He then came back to help Harry, Ron and Hermione, announcing his return by have a chandelier fallen on Bellatrix, while disapparating with the three of them, Bellatrix threw a knife which managed to pass through, and hit Dobby in the stomach.

Harry, deeply grieving, decided to dig Dobby’s grave by hand without using magic. Ron Weasley and Dean Thomas joined Harry and laboured with him in digging the grave. They placed Dobby’s body in the grave and gave him socks, shoes, and a hat. Standing over Dobby, Luna Lovegood gently closed his eyes and thanked him for rescuing her and the others. Bill Weasley filled in the grave, while Harry used Draco’s former wand and carved “HERE LIES DOBBY, A FREE ELF” on a flat rock he placed on the burial mound.

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